ABSTRACT
Typhoid fever (TF) is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B. It is transmitted by the fecal oral route mainly via contaminated food and water. The developing countries have high rate of morbidity and mortality due to Typhoid fever, epidemics take place in developed world also. There are increased incidences of multi drug resistant in S. typhi strains that has further complicated its management and only a few antibiotics are now effective in treatment of typhoid. We report that the aqueous extracts of fruit peel Citrus sinensis (L.) confer anti typhoid activity against Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B respectively on comparison with ciprofloxacin.
Key words: Typhoid fever, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A , Salmonella Para Typhi B, anti typhoid activity, Citrus sinensis.
Typhoid fever (TF) is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B. It is transmitted by the fecal oral route mainly via contaminated food and water. The developing countries have high rate of morbidity and mortality due to Typhoid fever, epidemics take place in developed world also. There are increased incidences of multi drug resistant in S. typhi strains that has further complicated its management and only a few antibiotics are now effective in treatment of typhoid. We report that the aqueous extracts of fruit peel Citrus sinensis (L.) confer anti typhoid activity against Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B respectively on comparison with ciprofloxacin.
Key words: Typhoid fever, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A , Salmonella Para Typhi B, anti typhoid activity, Citrus sinensis.
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ABSTRACT
Cassia fistula (Family - Leguminosae) is a deciduous and ornamental tree natives to India and Sri Lanka, it’s extracts have been shown to have antifungal, antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the antimicrobial activities of hydroalcoholic and chloroform root extracts of Cassia fistula were tested. The aim of the study is to assess the antimicrobial activity and to determine the zone of inhibition of extracts on some bacterial and fungal strains. In the present study, the microbial activity of hydro alcohol and chloroform root extracts of Cassia fistula Linn. (An ethno medicinal plant) were evaluated for potential antimicrobial activity against medically important bacterial and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in the extracts using agar disc diffusion method. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracts (5, 25, 50, 100, 250 µg/mL) of Cassia fistula were tested against two gram positive- Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, two gram negative- Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa human pathogenic bacteria and three fungal strains- Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus clavatus, Candida albicans respectively. Zone of inhibition of extracts were compared with that of different standards like Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Chloramphenicol for antibacterial activity and Nystain and Greseofulvin for antifungal activity. The results showed that the remarkable inhibition of the bacterial growth was shown against to the tested organisms. The phytochemical analyses of the plants were carried out. The microbial activity of the Cassia fistula was due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. Hence these plants can be used to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals research activities.
Key words: In vitro antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, Cassia fistula, bacterial pathogens, secondary metabolites.
Cassia fistula (Family - Leguminosae) is a deciduous and ornamental tree natives to India and Sri Lanka, it’s extracts have been shown to have antifungal, antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the antimicrobial activities of hydroalcoholic and chloroform root extracts of Cassia fistula were tested. The aim of the study is to assess the antimicrobial activity and to determine the zone of inhibition of extracts on some bacterial and fungal strains. In the present study, the microbial activity of hydro alcohol and chloroform root extracts of Cassia fistula Linn. (An ethno medicinal plant) were evaluated for potential antimicrobial activity against medically important bacterial and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in the extracts using agar disc diffusion method. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracts (5, 25, 50, 100, 250 µg/mL) of Cassia fistula were tested against two gram positive- Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, two gram negative- Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa human pathogenic bacteria and three fungal strains- Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus clavatus, Candida albicans respectively. Zone of inhibition of extracts were compared with that of different standards like Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Chloramphenicol for antibacterial activity and Nystain and Greseofulvin for antifungal activity. The results showed that the remarkable inhibition of the bacterial growth was shown against to the tested organisms. The phytochemical analyses of the plants were carried out. The microbial activity of the Cassia fistula was due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. Hence these plants can be used to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals research activities.
Key words: In vitro antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, Cassia fistula, bacterial pathogens, secondary metabolites.
April 2011 Issue
April - 2011 / Volume - 3/Issue - 02
( Total Articles =26 )
( Total Articles =26 )
Nayan B.
Article No 15
April - 2011 / Volume - 3 / Issue - 02 /Article No - 15 / Research Article
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ROOT EXTRACTS FROM CASSIA FISTULA LINN. AGAINST STANDARD PATHOGENIC BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL STRAINS
Nayan R.Bhalodia*1,
Pankaj B.Nariya1, R.N.Acharya1, V.J.Shukla1
D.P.Rajani1, Pankaj.B.Nariya1
1Department of Pharmaceutical, I.P.G.T&R.A,
Gujarat Ayurved University,
Jamnagar - 361008 (G.U.J), India
Email:nayanbhalodia@gmail.com
April - 2011 / Volume - 3 / Issue - 02 /Article No - 15 / Research Article
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ROOT EXTRACTS FROM CASSIA FISTULA LINN. AGAINST STANDARD PATHOGENIC BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL STRAINS
Nayan R.Bhalodia*1,
Pankaj B.Nariya1, R.N.Acharya1, V.J.Shukla1
D.P.Rajani1, Pankaj.B.Nariya1
1Department of Pharmaceutical, I.P.G.T&R.A,
Gujarat Ayurved University,
Jamnagar - 361008 (G.U.J), India
Email:nayanbhalodia@gmail.com